National, International and Legal Mechanisms of Control over the Activity of Non-Government Security Entities

M. V. Zavalnyi

doi:10.32631/pb.2019.2.04

M. V. Zavalnyi Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4191-061X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32631/pb.2019.2.04

Keywords: policing, non-government security entities, private security companies, private military and security companies, human rights, control

Abstract

The author of the article has studied the reasons for introducing a control mechanism over the activities of private security companies, which play an increasingly important role in the security sector worldwide. These companies by providing security services, directly influence the security, human rights and democratic order of the country. In this regard, it has been emphasized that the issues of legal regulation of the activities and responsibilities of private security companies are particularly important for society and the state.

The importance of controlling private security companies and security services is conditioned by the particularities of the services provided by these entities. Private security companies in the course of their activities can apply physical force, special means (in some countries even firearms) to citizens, carry out their detention, which in turn can cause degrading treatment and physical suffering. Further privatization and outsourcing in the security sector has led to a significant expansion of this area and increased risks of human rights and freedoms’ violations.

The author has stated that the purpose of control over the activity of non-government entities in the field of security and safety is to prevent deviations from the established order of state security and public order protection, prevention, detection and termination of actions that harm the protected state interests. The need to strengthen this control is due to two main aspects: 1) there is a need to raise the standards of corporate governance in the field of non-governmental protection of human rights; 2) there is a more general tendency to regulate the behavior of all business structures regarding human rights in all areas of their activities. The author has distinguished four possible ways to influence private security companies: national legal systems and courts; corporate norms; international and regional voluntary initiatives; international and legal regulation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

M. V. Zavalnyi, Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs

Department of administrative law and process;
Doctor of Juridical Sciences, Senior Research Officer.

References

Bezpalova O.I., 2014. Administrative and Legal Mechanism for the Implementation of the Law Enforcement Function of the State [Administratyvno-pravovyi mekhanizm realizatsii pravookhoronnoi funktsii derzhavy]. Kharkiv: NikaNova.

Halunko V.V., 2008. Protection of Property Rights: Administrative and Legal Aspects [Okhorona prava vlasnosti: administratyvno-pravovi aspekty]. Kherson: KhMD.

Boniak V.O., 2015. Constitutional and Legal Principles of the Organization and Functioning of Law Enforcement Bodies of Ukraine: Problems of Theory and Practice [Konstytutsiino-pravovi zasady orhanizatsii ta funktsionuvannia orhaniv okhorony pravoporiadku Ukrainy: problemy teorii i praktyky]. Abstract of D.Sc. dissertation. Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs.

Buhaichuk K.L., 2017. The National Police of Ukraine as a Subject of the Law Enforcement Function of the State [Natsionalna politsiia Ukrainy yak subiekt realizatsii pravookhoronnoi funktsii derzhavy]. In: Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs. Law Enforcement Function of the State: Theoretical and Methodological and Historical-Legal Problems [Pravookhoronna funktsiia derzhavy: teoretyko-metodolohichni ta istoryko-pravovi problemy]. Kharkiv, 27 October. Kharkiv: Kharkivskyi Natsionalnyi universytet vnutishnikh sprav. Pp. 30-33. Available at http://www.univd.edu.ua/general/publishing/konf/27_10_2017/pdf/7.pdf [Accessed 20 May 2019].

Kveliashvili I.M., 2015. Foreign Practice of Outsourcing in Public Authorities: Prospects for Ukraine [Zarubizhna praktyka zastosuvannia autsorsynhu v orhanakh derzhavnoi vlady: perspektyvy dlia Ukrainy]. Deržavne upravlìnnâ ta mìsceve samovrâduvannâ – Public administration and local government, No. 4, pp. 171-178.

Kurylo V.I. 2005. Legal Principles of Security Activities [Pravovi zasady okhoronnoi diialnosti]. Kyiv: Kondor.

Matiukhina N.P., 2015. Privatization of State Functions in the Context of Public Administration Reform Tasks [Pryvatyzatsiia derzhavnykh funktsii u konteksti zavdan reformuvannia derzhavnoho upravlinnia]. In: Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University et al. Modern Administrative and Legal Doctrine of Human Rights Protection [Suchasna administratyvno-pravova doktryna zakhystu prav liudyny]. Kharkiv, 17-18 April. Kharkiv: Pravo. Pp. 97-101.

Muzychuk O.M., 2010. Control Over the Activities of Law Enforcement Agencies in Ukraine [Kontrol za diialnistiu pravookhoronnykh orhaniv v Ukraini]. Kharkiv: Kharkivskyi Natsionalnyi universytet vnutishnikh sprav.

Yurko S.S., 2017. Non-governmental Security and Law Enforcement Activities in Ukraine [Nederzhavna okhoronna i pravookhoronna diialnist v Ukraini]. Ph.D. dissertation. National University “Odessa Law Academy”.

Yurtaieva K.V., Zavalnyi M.V., 2019. Issues of Counteracting Crimes Against Public Safety and Order in Context of Privatization of the Use of Coercion in the State [Pytannia protydii zlochynam u sferi hromadskoi bezpeky i poriadku v konteksti pryvatyzatsii zastosuvannia prymusu v derzhavi]. In: Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Criminological Association of Ukraine. Criminal-Legal and Criminological Means of Counteracting Crimes Against Public Safety and Public Order [Kryminalno-pravovi ta kryminolohichni zasoby protydii zlochynam proty hromadskoi bezpeky ta publichnoho poriadku]. Kharkiv, 18 April. Kharkiv: Kharkivskyi Natsionalnyi universytet vnutishnikh sprav. Pp. 234-236.

Provost C., 2017. The Industry of Inequality: Why the World Is Obsessed with Private Security. The Guardian. 12 May. Available at https://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/industry-inequality-why-world-obsessed-private-security [Accessed 20 May 2019].

Likosky M., 2009. The Privatization of Violence. In: Chesterman S. and Fisher A. (eds). Private Security, Public Order: The Outsourcing of Public Services and Its Limits. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp. 11-24. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574124.003.0001.

MacLeod S., 2017. Defining private security accountability. In: Klopfer F. and van Amstel N. (eds). Whose Responsibility? Reflections on Accountability of Private Security in Southeast Europe. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces. Pp. 9-15. Available at http://old.csd.bg/artShow.php?id=18039 [Accessed 20 May 2019].